Anatomical Guide for Regional Anesthesia in the Buffalo in Egypt (Bos bubalis L.)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University

Abstract

The present study was conducted on eight buffaloes (Bos bubalis L.) of ages ranging between 2-7 years. The specimens were prepared by the routine anatomical methods used for fixing and manually dissected to expose the topographic arrangement of the nerves of flank and face of most clinical importance and commonly subjected to nerve block in cases of the surgical approaches to the flank as well as for the minute surgical operation in the head involving the nostrils, lips and horns. The definite site of injection of anesthetic drug was also suggested for each nerve. The study revealed that, the regional anesthesia of the mid paralumbar fossa in the buffalo was achieved through three distal paravertebral injections. The most cranial one for anesthesia of the costoabdominal nerve, at the upper part of the flank about 5 cm from the free end of the second lumbar transverse process and 7 cm caudal to the


last rib and at a depth of about 3 cm. The middle one for blocking the iliohypogastric was indicated 5 cm below the 3rd lumbar transverse process midway between the last rib cranially and tuber coxae caudally, while the most caudal one for anesthesia of the ilioinguinal nerve inserts was applied about 5 cm cranial to the tuber coxae, 5 cm below the free end of the 4th lumbar transverse process.
The infra-orbital, mental and cornual nerves were the most clinically important sensory nerves in the head region. For anesthesia of the infra- orbital nerve the anesthetic drug was injected in the vicinity of the infra-orbital foramen which was situated 1.5 cm dorsal to the first cheek tooth and about 6 cm rostral to the facial tubercle. For anesthesia of the mental nerve the needle was inserted at the middle distance of the lateral surface of the interalveolar space of the mandible between the lateral incisor and first premolar teeth. For anesthesia of the cornual nerve, the site of this regional block was midway between the orbital rim and the base of the horn, 4cm medial to the frontal crest.



The results obtained were photographed, described and discussed with those of bovine species

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